Top image, acquired by the Landsat 5 satellite on August 12, 2010, shows flooding near Kashmor, Pakistan, just before the second wave of the flood hit. The lower image, provided for context, shows the region on August 9, 2009. Even before the second wave reached this section of the Indus, floods covered much of the city of Khewali and the surrounding farmland. The flood-widened river is muddy and brown in the top image, and it impinges on the cement-gray town of Khewali. As if constrained by a belt, the river is cinched near Khewali. The constraint is the Guddu Barrage, a barrier designed to channel irrigation water to farmland in the northern Sindh district. The "C"-shaped barrier that controls the shape of the flood in the top image is itself visible in the lower image. Stream gauges at the Guddu Barrage recorded extremely high levels of water (more than 910,000 cubic feet per second) flowing down the Indus on August 12. The flow rate increased on August 13 as the second wave of flooding reached the barrage. NASA image by Robert Simmon, based on Landsat 5 data from the USGS Global Visualization Viewer.