The term kraal primarily refers to the type of dispersed homestead characteristic of the Nguni-speaking peoples of southern Africa. Although from the period of colonization, European South Africans and historians commonly referred to the entire settlement as a kraal. Modern ethnographers call the several human dwellings within a homestead (Xhosa: umzi, Zulu: umuzi, Swazi: umuti) houses (singular indlu; plural Xhosa and Zulu izindlu, Swati tindlu). Folds for animals and enclosures made specially for defensive purposes are also called kraals. Image taken from page 33: The Kafirs of Natal and the Zulu Country by Joseph Shooter, 1857.