Entitled: "Public toilets" shows interior view of public restroom; cutaway drawing of interior of stalls with seats and detail of the waste disposal system and discharge pipe. A public toilet is a room or small building containing one or more toilets and urinals which is available for use by the general public. Public toilets were commonly used in Ancient Rome, often in the proximity or as part of public baths. By the Middle Ages public toilets became uncommon. In the early 19th century, large cities in Europe started installing public toilets: first in Paris, then in Berlin in 1820 and in London in 1851. A toilet is a sanitation fixture used for the storing or disposal of human urine and feces. In developed countries, different forms of porcelain flush toilets are common: seats are used in the West while squat toilets are common in East Asia. These are connected to a sewer system in most urban areas and to septic tanks in less built-up areas. Sanitation has been a concern from the earliest stages of civilization. Illustration appeared in "Les odeurs de Paris; hygiene pubique" by Jules Brunfaut, 882.